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MINERAL CLASSIFICATION / SYSTEMATIK der MINERALE
based on E.H. Nickel & M.C. Nichols (2009), H. Strunz & E.H. Nickel (2001),
revised by Thomas Witzke (2022)
2. SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS
(Sulfides, Selenides, Tellurides, Arsenides, Antimonides, Bismuthides, Sulfarsenites, Sulfantimonites, Sulfbismuthites, etc.)
2.D: Metalsulfides, M: S = 3: 4 and 2 : 3
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2.DA. Metalsulfides with M : S = 3 : 4 (and similar) |
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2.DA.005. Thiospinel group [Spinel supergroup] |
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| 005 a. Carrollite subgroup (A1+B3.5+2X4) |
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Carrollite | |
CuCo2S4 | |
cub., Fd3m | |
FOTO | |
G |
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Fletcherite | |
CuNi2S4 | |
cub., Fd3m | |
FOTO | |
IMA 1976-044 |
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Cuprokalininite | |
Cu(Cr3+Cr4+)S4 | |
cub., Fd3m | |
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IMA 2010-008 |
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Florensovite | |
Cu(Cr3+1.5Sb5+0.5)S4 | |
cub., Fd3m | |
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IMA 1987-012 |
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Cuproiridsite | |
Cu(Ir3+Ir4+)S4 | |
cub., Fd3m | |
FOTO | |
IMA 1984-016 |
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Ezochiite | |
Cu(Rh3+Pt4+)S4 | |
cub., Fd3m | |
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IMA 2022-101 |
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Malanite | |
Cu(Ir3+Pt4+)S4 | |
cub., Fd3m | |
FOTO | |
IMA 1995-003 |
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Rhodostannite | |
Cu(Fe2+0.5Sn4+1.5)S4 | |
tetr., I41/a | |
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IMA 1968-018 |
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Toyohaite | |
Ag(Fe2+0.5Sn4+1.5)S4 | |
tetr., I41/a | |
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IMA 1989-007 |
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| 005 b. Linnaeite subgroup (A2+B3+2X4) |
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Joegoldsteinite | |
MnCr2S4 | |
cub., Fd3m | |
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IMA 2015-049 |
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Daubréelite | |
FeCr2S4 | |
cub., Fd3m | |
FOTO | |
G |
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Kalininite | |
ZnCr2S4 | |
cub., Fd3m | |
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IMA 1984-028 |
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Greigite | |
FeFe2S4 | |
cub., Fd3m | |
FOTO | |
IMA 1963-007 |
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Linnaeite | |
CoCo2S4 | |
cub., Fd3m | |
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G |
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Grimmit | |
NiCo2S4 | |
cub., Fd3m | |
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IMA 2020-060 |
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Violarite | |
FeNi2S4 | |
cub., Fd3m | |
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G |
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Siegenite | |
CoNi2S4 | |
cub., Fd3m | |
FOTO | |
G |
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Polydymite | |
NiNi2S4 | |
cub., Fd3m | |
FOTO | |
G |
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Indite | |
FeIn2S4 | |
cub., Fd3m | |
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A |
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Cadmoindite | |
CdIn2S4 | |
cub., Fd3m | |
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IMA 2003-042 |
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Cuprorhodsite | |
(Cu1+0.5Fe3+0.5)Rh2S4 | |
cub., Fd3m | |
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IMA 1984-017, Rd |
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Xingzhongite | |
PbIr2S4 | |
cub., Fd3m (?) | |
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Q |
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Ferrorhodsite, (Fe,Cu)(Rh,Ir,Pt)2S4, IMA 1996-047, was found to be identical
with Cuprorhodsite and was discredited (IMA 2017-H).
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2.DA.010. Selenospinel group [Spinel supergroup] |
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| 010 a. Tyrrellite subgroup (A1+B3.5+2X4) |
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Tyrrellite | |
Cu(Co,Ni)2Se4 | |
cub., Fd3m | |
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G |
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Nickeltyrrellite | |
CuNi2Se4 | |
cub., Fd3m | |
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IMA 2018-110 |
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| 010 b. Bornhardtite subgroup (A2+B3+2X4) |
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Bornhardtite | |
CoCo2Se4 | |
cub., Fd3m | |
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G |
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Trüstedtite | |
NiNi2Se4 | |
cub., Fd3m | |
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A |
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2.DA.015. Brezinaite group |
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Brezinaite | |
Cr3S4 | |
mon., C2/m | |
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IMA 1969-004 |
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Zolenskyite | |
FeCr2S4 | |
mon., C2/m | |
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IMA 2020-070 |
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Heideite | |
(Fe,Cr)1+x(Ti,Fe)2S4 | |
mon., I2/m | |
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IMA 1973-062 |
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Wilkmanite | |
Ni3Se4 | |
mon., I2/m | |
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A |
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2.DA.020. Ferrodimolybdenite |
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Ferrodimolybdenite | |
FeMo2S4 | |
mon., C2/c | |
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IMA 2023-019 |
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2.DA.025. Konderite group |
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Konderite | |
PbCu3(Rh,Pt,Ir)8S16 | |
hex., P6/mmm | |
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IMA 1983-053 |
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Inaglyite | |
PbCu3(Ir,Pt)8S16 | |
hex., P6/mmm | |
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IMA 1983-054 |
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2.DA.030. Kingstonite group |
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Kingstonite | |
Rh3S4 | |
mon., C2/m | |
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IMA 1993-046 |
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Zaykovite | |
Rh3Se4 | |
mon., C2/m | |
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IMA 2019-084 |
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2.DA.035. Mitrofanovite |
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Mitrofanovite | |
Pt3Te4 | |
trig., R3m | |
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IMA 2017-112 |
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2.DA.040. Ruizhongite |
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Ruizhongite | |
(Ag2□)Pb3Ge2S8 | |
cub., I43d | |
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IMA 2022-066 |
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2.DA.045. Murchisite |
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Murchisite | |
Cr5S6 | |
trig., P31c | |
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IMA 2010-003 |
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2.DB. Metalsulfides with M : S = 2 : 3 (and similar) |
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2.DB.005. Stibnite group |
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| 005 a. Stibnite series |
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Stibnite / Antimonit | |
Sb2S3 | |
orth., Pbnm | |
FOTO | |
G |
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Antimonselite | |
Sb2Se3 | |
orth., Pbnm | |
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IMA 1992-003 |
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Bismuthinite | |
Bi2S3 | |
orth., Pbnm | |
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G |
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Guanajuatite | |
Bi2Se3 | |
orth., Pbnm | |
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G |
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| 005 b. Pääkkönenite |
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Pääkkönenite | |
Sb2AsS2 | |
mon., C2/m | |
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IMA 1980-063 |
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| 005 c. Metastibnite |
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Metastibnite | |
Sb2S3 | |
amorphous | |
FOTO | |
G |
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2.DB.010. Ottemannite group |
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Ottemannite | |
Sn2S3 | |
orth., Pnam | |
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A |
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Suredaite | |
PbSnS3 | |
orth., Pnam | |
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IMA 1997-043 |
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2.DB.015. Stangersite |
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Stangersit | |
SnGeS3 | |
mon., P21/c | |
FOTO | |
IMA 2019-092 |
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2.DB.020. Bowieite group |
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Bowieite | |
(Rh,Ir)2S2 | |
orth., Pbcn | |
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IMA 1980-022 |
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Kashinite | |
(Ir,Rh)2S3 | |
orth., Pbcn | |
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IMA 1982-036 |
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2.DB.025. Edgarite |
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Edgarite | |
FeNb3S6 | |
hex., P63 | |
FOTO | |
IMA 1995-017 |
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Structure analysis showed
FeNb3+2Nb4+S6
and space group P63 (Bindi & Martin, 2018, Can. Min. 56, 259-264).
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2.DB.030. Tarkianite |
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Tarkianite | |
(Cu,Fe)(Re,Mo)4S8 | |
cub., F43m | |
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IMA 2003-004 |
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2.DB.035. Cameronite |
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Cameronite | |
Cu7AgTe10 | |
tetr. | |
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IMA 1984-069 |
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2.DB.040. Montbrayite |
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Montbrayite | |
(Au,Ag,Sb,Bi,Pb)23(Te,Sb,Bi,Pb)38 | |
tric., P1 | |
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G, Rd IMA 17-F |
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Montbrayite: Structure analysis with new formula (Bindi et al. 2018, Can. Min. 56, 129-142).
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2.DC. M : S variable |
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2.DC.005. Tetradymite group |
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| 005 a. Hedleyite series, c ca. 3 x 6 Å |
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Zipserite | |
Bi5S4 | |
trig., P3m1 | |
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IMA 2022-75 |
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Hedleyite | |
Bi7Te3 | |
trig., P3m1 | |
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G |
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| 005 b. Ingodite series, c ca. 4 x 6 Å |
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Ingodite | |
Bi2TeS | |
trig. | |
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IMA 1980-045 |
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Tsumoite | |
BiTe | |
trig., P3m1 | |
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IMA 1972-010a |
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Sulphotsumoite | |
Bi2Te2S | |
trig., P3m1 | |
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IMA 1980-084 |
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Nevskite | |
BiSe | |
trig., P3m1 | |
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IMA 1983-026 |
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Telluronevskite | |
Bi3Te(Se,S)2 | |
trig., P3m1 | |
FOTO | |
IMA 1993-027a |
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| 005 c. Tetradymite series, c ca. 5 x 6 Å |
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Tellurantimony | |
Sb2Te3 | |
trig., R3m | |
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IMA 1972-002 |
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Paraguanajuatite | |
Bi2(Se,S)3 | |
trig., R3m | |
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G |
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Tetradymite | |
Bi2Te2S | |
trig., R3m | |
FOTO | |
G |
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Tellurobismuthite | |
Bi2Te3 | |
trig., R3m | |
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G |
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Kawazulite | |
Bi2Te2S | |
trig., R3m (?) | |
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IMA 1968-014 |
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Skippenite | |
Bi2Se2Te | |
trig., R3m | |
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IMA 1986-033 |
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Hitachiite | |
Pb5Bi2Te2S6 | |
trig., P3m1 | |
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IMA 2018-027 |
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| 005 d. Pilsenite series, c ca. 7 x 6 Å |
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Ikunolite | |
Bi4SeS2 | |
trig., R3m | |
FOTO | |
A |
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Joséite-A | |
Bi4TeS2 | |
trig., R3m | |
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Q |
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Joséite-B | |
Bi4Te2S | |
trig., R3m | |
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Q |
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Pilsenite | |
Bi4Te3 | |
trig., R3m | |
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Rd |
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Laitakarite | |
Bi4Se2S | |
trig., R3m | |
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A |
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| 005 e. Baksanite series, c > 9 x 6 Å |
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Baksanite | |
Bi6Te2S3 | |
trig., P3m1 | |
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IMA 1992-042 |
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Vihorlatite | |
Bi24Se17Te4 | |
trig., P3m1 | |
FOTO | |
IMA 1988-047 |
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There is probably a complete solid solution from tellurian ikunolite to sulfurian pilsenite. Ordering of S and Te
in joséite-A and joséite-B was not observed, they representing probably not separate mineral species.
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G = Grandfathered minerals: original description preceded the establishment of the CNMNC in 1959, and
generally regarded as a valid species
A or IMA No. = Minerals approved by the CNMNC
Rd = Redefinition of the mineral approved by the CNMNC
Rn = Renamed with approval by the CNMNC
Q = Questionable mineral
Classification principles:
Subdivision of the Sulfide etc. subclass "2.D: Metalsulfides, M : S = 3 : 4 and 2 : 3" is based first mainly on
the M : S ratio. The subdivision into 2.DA Metalsulfides with M : S = 3 : 4; 2.DB Metalsulfides
with M : S = 2 : 3; 2.DC M : S = variable from Strunz 9 is retained.
Further classification:
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2.DA. Metalsulfides with M : S = 3 : 4 (and similar): Spinel structures; other structures with M : S =
3 : 4; sulfides with similar ratios.
2.DB. Metalsulfides with M : S = 2 : 3: Chemical grouping with Sb and Bi sulfides with M : S = 2 : 3;
Sn and Ge sulfides with M : S = 2 : 3; PGE and Au sulfides with M : S = 2 : 3; sulfides with similar ratios.
2.DC. Metalsulfides with M : S = variable: Tetradymite group with variable M : S ratio.
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To distinguish from classical Strunz numbering, on hierarchical "group" level, a numbering with 3 digits is used,
like "2.DA.005. Thiospinel group", instead of 2 digits (like "2.DA.05.") in the Strunz system.
© Thomas Witzke (2023)
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