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MINERAL CLASSIFICATION / SYSTEMATIK der MINERALE

           according to E.H. Nickel & M.C. Nichols (2009), H. Strunz & E.H. Nickel (2001)



4. OXIDES, HYDROXIDES
(Oxides, Hydroxides, V[5,6]-Vanadates, Arsenites, Antimonites, Bismutites, Sulfites, Selenites, Tellurites, Iodates)


4.D: Metal : Oxygen = 1 : 2 and similar


4.DA. With small cations: Silica family
 
4.DA.05. Quartz group
 
Quartz  /  Quarz SiO2 trig., P3121, P3221 FOTO     A
"Beta-Quartz"  /  "Beta-Quarz" SiO2 hex., P6222, P6422 H

Beta-Quartz is stable only above 573°C and is regarded as a hypothetical mineral.

 
4.DA.10. Tridymite-Opal group
 
Tridymite SiO2 orth., C2221 FOTOG
Opal SiO2 · n H2O amorphous FOTOG

High-temperature beta-tridymite is hexagonal, P63/mmc.

 
4.DA.15. Cristobalite group
 
Cristobalite SiO2 tetr., P41212, P43212 FOTOG

High-temperature beta-cristobalite is cubic, Fd-3m.

 
4.DA.20. Mogánite group
 
Mogánite SiO2 mon., I2/a FOTOIMA 1999-035

 
4.DA.25. Melanophlogite group
 
Melanophlogite 46 SiO2 · C2H17O5 tetr., P42/nbc FOTORd
Chibaite SiO2 · n (CH4,C2H6,C3H8,C4H10)   (n < 3/17) cub., Fd-3 IMA 2008-067

Above ca. 40°C, melanophlogite is cubic, Pm-3n, and isostructural with the cubic gas hydrates (group 4.AA.05).

 
4.DA.30. Lechatelierite group
 
Lechatelierite SiO2 amorphous Q

 
4.DA.35. Coesite group
 
Coesite SiO2 mon., C2/c FOTOA

 
4.DA.40. Stishovite group
 
Stishovite SiO2 tetr., P42mnm A

 
4.DA.45. Keatite group
 
"Keatite" SiO2 tetr., P43212H

"Keatite" is known only as a synthetic compound.

 
4.DA.50. Seifertite group
 
Seifertite SiO2 orth., Pbcn or Pb2n IMA 2004-010

Seifertite is a high-pressure polymorph with alpha-PbO2 structure.





 
4.DB. With medium-sized cations, chains of edge-sharing M[6] octahedra
 
4.DB.05. Rutile group
 
Rutile TiO2 tetr., P42/mnm FOTOG
Pyrolusite MnO2 tetr., P42/mnm A
Argutite GeO2 tetr., P42/mnm IMA 1980-067
Cassiterite SnO2 tetr., P42/mnm FOTOG
Varlamoffite (Sn,Fe)(O,OH)2 tetr., P42/mnm Q
Plattnerite PbO2 tetr., P42/mnm FOTOG
Tripuhyite FeSbO4 tetr., P42/mnm FOTORd
Tugarinovite MoO2 mon., P21/c IMA 1979-072

Varlamoffite is possibly a ferroan, hydroxylian cassiterite.
"Ilmenorutile", discredited (2006), is a niobian rutile.
"Strüverite", discredited (2006), is a tantalian rutile.
"Squawcreekite", discredited (2003), is tripuhyite.

 
4.DB.10. Tapiolite group
 
Tapiolite-(Fe) FeTa2O6 tetr., P42/mnm FOTORn
Tapiolite-(Mn) MnTa2O6 tetr., P42/mnm IMA 1983-005, Rn
Byströmite MgSb2O6 tetr., P42/mnm G
Ordonezite ZnSb2O6 tetr., P42/mnm G

Tapiolite-(Fe) was originally described as "Ferrotapiolite", renamed (2008).
Tapiolite-(Mn) was originally described as "Manganotapiolite", renamed (2008).

 
4.DB.15. Ramsdellite group
 
     15 a. Ramsdellite series
Ramsdellite MnO2 orth., Pbnm G
Paramontroseite VO2 orth., Pbnm G

     15 b. Akhtenskite series
Akhtenskite MnO2 hex., P63/mmc IMA 1982-072

     15 c. Nsutite series
Nsutite Mn2+xMn4+1-xO2-2x(OH)2x hex. FOTOA

 
4.DB.20. Scrutinyite group
 
Scrutinyite PbO2 orth., Pbcn FOTOIMA 1984-061

 
4.DB.25. Samarskite group
 
Calciosamarskite (Ca,Fe,Y)(Nb,Ta,Ti)O4 mon. G
Samarskite-(Y) (Y,Ce,U,Fe)(Nb,Ta)O4 orth., Pbcn FOTOA
Samarskite-(Yb) YbNbO4 mon., P2/c IMA 2004-001
Yttrocolumbite-(Y) (Y,U,Fe)(Nb,Ta)O4 orth. Q
Ishikawaite (U,Fe,Y)NbO4 mon. G
Pisekite-(Y) (Y,As,Ca)(Nb,Ti,Ta)O4 mon., P21/n G
Ixiolite (Ta,Mn,Nb)O2 orth., Pbcn Rd
Srilankite Ti2ZrO6 orth., Pbcn IMA 1982-056

 
4.DB.30. Wolframite group
 
Ferberite FeWO4 mon., P2/c FOTOG
Hübnerite FeWO4 mon., P2/c FOTOG
Huanzalait MgWO4 mon., P2/c IMA 2009-018
Sanmartinite ZnWO4 mon., P2/c A
Heftetjernite ScTaO4 mon., P2/c IMA 2006-056

 
4.DB.35. Columbite group
 
Columbite-(Mg) MgNb2O6 orth., Pbcn Rn
Columbite-(Fe) FeNb2O6 orth., Pbcn FOTORn
Columbite-(Mn) MnNb2O6 orth., Pbcn FOTORn
Tantalite-(Mg) MgTa2O6 orth., Pbcn IMA 2002-018, Rn
Tantalite-(Fe) FeTa2O6 orth., Pbcn Rn
Tantalite-(Mn) MnTa2O6 orth., Pbcn FOTORn
Qitianlingite (Fe,Mn)2(Nb,Ta)2WO10 orth., Pbcn IMA 1983-074

Columbite-(Mg) was originally described as "Magnocolumbite", renamed (2008).
Columbite-(Fe) was originally described as "Ferrocolumbite", renamed (2008).
Columbite-(Mn) was originally described as "Manganocolumbite", renamed (2008).
Tantalite-(Mg) was originally described as "Magnesiotantalite", renamed (2008).
Tantalite-(Fe) was originally described as "Ferrotantalite", renamed (2008).
Tantalite-(Mn) was originally described as "Manganotantalite", renamed (2008).

 
4.DB.40. Wodginite group
 
Ferrowodginite Fe(Sn,Ti,Ta,Fe)(Ta,Nb)2O8 mon., C2/c IMA 1984-006
Wodginite MnSnTa2O8 mon., C2/c A
Titanowodginite MnTiTa2O8 mon., C2/c FOTOIMA 1984-008
Ferrotitanowodginite Fe(Ti,Sn,Ta,Fe)(Ta,Nb)2O8 mon., C2/c IMA 1998-028
Lithiowodginite LiTaTa2O8 mon., C2/c IMA 1988-011
Lithiotantite Li(Ta,Nb)3O8 mon., P21/c IMA 1982-022

 
4.DB.45. Tivanite group
 
Tivanite TiVO3(OH) mon., P21/c IMA 1980-035

 
4.DB.50. Carmichaelite group
 
Carmichaelite (Ti,Cr,Fe)(O,OH)2 mon., P21/c IMA 1996-062

 
4.DB.55. Alumotantite group
 
Alumotantite AlTaO4 orth., Pbcn IMA 1980-025

 
4.DB.60. Biehlite group
 
Biehlite Sb2MoO6 mon., C2/c FOTOIMA 1999-019a





 
4.DC. With medium-sized cations: Sheets of edge-sharing M[6] octahedra
 
4.DC.05. Bahianite group
 
Bahianite Al5Sb3O14(OH)2 mon., C2/m FOTOIMA 1974-027

 
4.DC.10. Simpsonite group
 
Simpsonite Al4(Ta,Nb)3O13(OH) trig., P3 FOTOG





 
4.DD. With medium-sized cations: Frameworks of edge-sharing M[6] octahedra
 
4.DD.05. Anatase group
 
Anatase TiO2 tetr., I41/amd FOTOA

 
4.DD.10. Brookite group
 
Brookite TiO2 orth., Pbca FOTOG





 
4.DE. With medium-sized cations: with various polyhedra
 
4.DE.05. Downeyite group
 
Downeyite SeO2 tetr., P42/mbc IMA 1974-063

 
4.DE.10. Koragoite group
 
Koragoite Mn2MnNb2(Nb,Ta)3W2O20 mon., P21 IMA 1994-049

 
4.DE.15. Koechlinite group
 
Koechlinite Bi2MoO6 orth., Pna21 FOTO ENTDECKUNGG
Russellite Bi2WO6 orth., Pna21 FOTOG
Tungstibite Sb2WO6 orth., P22121 FOTOIMA 1993-059

 
4.DE.20. Tellurite group
 
Tellurite TeO2 orth., Pbca FOTOG

 
4.DE.25. Paratellurite group
 
Paratellurite TeO2 tetr., P43212 FOTOA

 
4.DE.30. Stibiotantalite-Cervatite group
 
Stibiotantalite SbTaO4 orth., Pna21 FOTOG
Stibiocolumbite SbNbO4 orth., Pna21 G
Bismutotantalite BiTaO4 orth., Pna21 G
Bismutocolumbite BiNbO4 orth., Pnan FOTOIMA 1991-003
Cervantite Sb3+Sb5+O4 orth., Pna21 FOTORd
Clinocervantite Sb3+Sb5+O4 mon., A2/a FOTOIMA 1997-017

 
4.DE.30. Baddeleyite group
 
Akaogiite TiO2 mon., P21/c IMA 2007-058
Baddeleyite ZrO2 mon., P21/c FOTOG





 
4.DF. With large (+/- medium-sized) cations: dimers and trimers of edge-sharing octahedra
 
4.DF.05. Aeschynite group
 
Aeschynite-(Y) (Y,Ca,Fe,Th)(Ti,Nb)2(O,OH)6 orth., Pbnm FOTORn
Aeschynite-(Ce) (Ce,Ca,Fe,Th)(Ti,Nb)2(O,OH)6 orth., Pbnm Rn
Aeschynite-(Nd) (Nd,..)(Ti,Nb)2(O,OH)6 orth., Pbnm A
Nioboaeschynite-(Y) (Y,Ce,...)(Nb,Ti,Ta)2(O,OH)6 orth., Pbnm IMA 2003-038a
Nioboaeschynite-(Ce) (Ce,Ca)(Nb,Ti)2(O,OH)6 orth., Pbnm Rn
Nioboaeschynite-(Nd) (Nd,..)(Nb,Ti)2(O,OH)6 orth., Pbnm N
Tantalaeschynite-(Y) (Y,Ce)(Ta,Ti,Nb)2(O,OH)6 orth., Pbnm IMA 1969-043, Rn
Rynersonite Ca(Ta,Nb)2O6 orth., Pbnm IMA 1974-058
Vigezzite (Ca,Ce)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6 orth., Pbnm IMA 1977-008

 
4.DF.10. Changbaiite group
 
Changbaiite PbNb2O6 trig., R3m FOTOA

 
4.DF.15. Murataite group
 
Murataite-(Y) (Y,Na)6(Zn,Fe)4[(Ti,Nb)4ZnO29(O,F,OH)14] cub., F-43m IMA 1972-007





 
4.DG. With large (+/- medium-sized) cations: chains of edge-sharing octahedra
 
4.DG.05. Euxenite group
 
Fersmite (Ca,Ce,Na)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2(O,OH,F)6 orth., Pbcn FOTOA
Euxenite-(Y) (Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6 orth., Pbcn FOTOA
Tanteuxenite-(Y) (Y,REE)(Ta,Nb,Ti)2(O,OH)6 orth., Pbcn A
Polycrase-(Y) Y(Ti,Nb)2(O,OH)6 orth., Pbcn A
Uranpolycrase (U,Y)(Ti,Nb,Ta)2(O,OH)6 orth., Pbcn FOTOIMA 1990-046
Kobeite-(Y) (Y,U)(Ti,Nb)2(O,OH)6 (?) metamict A
Yttrocrasite-(Y) (Y,Th,Ca,U)(Ti,Fe)2(O,OH)6 metamict Q
Loranskite-(Y) (Y,Ce,Ca)(Zr,Ta)2(O,OH)6 (?) metamict A

 
4.DG.10. Beta-Fergusonite group
 
Beta-Fergusonite-(Y) YNbO4 mon., C2/c FOTOA
Beta-Fergusonite-(Ce) CeNbO4 mon., C2/c A
Beta-Fergusonite-(Nd) NdNbO4 mon., C2/c IMA 1992-047
Yttrotantalite-(Y) (Y,U,Fe)(Ta,Nb)O4 metamict Rn

 
4.DG.15. Foordite group
 
Thoreaulite Sn(Ta,Nb)2O4 mon., C2/c FOTOG
Foordite Sn(Nb,Ta)2O6 mon., C2/c FOTOIMA 1984-070

 
4.DG.20. Raspite group
 
Raspite PbWO4 mon., P21/a G





 
4.DH. With large (+/- medium-sized) cations: sheets of edge-sharing octahedra
 
4.DH.05. Brannerite group
 
Thorutite (Th,U,Ca)Ti2O6 mon., C2/m G
Brannerite (U,Ca,Y,Ce)(Ti,Fe)2O6 mon., C2/m FOTOA
Orthobrannerite UTi2O6(OH) metamict (orth.) A

 
4.DH.10. Lucasite group
 
Lucasite-(Ce) (Ce,La)Ti2(O,OH)6 mon., I2/a IMA 1986-020
Kassite CaTi2O4(OH)2 orth. A

 
4.DH.15. Pyrochlore group
 
Pyrochlore Ca2Nb2O7 cub., Fd-3m FOTOA
Kalipyrochlore (H2O,K,Sr)2(Nb,Ti)2(O,OH)7 cub., Fd-3m A
Strontiopyrochlore Sr0.6Nb2(O,OH)7 cub., Fd-3m N
Bariopyrochlore Ba2Nb2O7 cub., Fd-3m Rn
Yttropyrochlore-(Y) (Y,Na,Ca,□)2(Nb,Ta)2(O,OH)7 cub., Fd-3m Rn
Ceriopyrochlore-(Ce) (Ca,Ce,Y,Na,□)2(Nb,Ta)2(O,OH,F)7 cub., Fd-3m Rn
Plumbopyrochlore (Pb,Y,U,Ca,□)2Nb2(O,OH)7 cub., Fd-3m A
Bismutopyrochlore (Bi,U,Ca,Pb)1+xNb2O6(OH) · n H2O metamict (cub.) IMA 1998-059
Thoriopyrochlore (Ca,Th,Na,Ce,□)2(Nb,Zr,Ti)2(O,OH,F)7 N
Uranpyrochlore (Ca,U,Na,Ce,□)2(Nb,Ta)2(O,OH,F)7 cub., Fd-3m Rn
Microlite (Ca,Na)2(Ta,Nb)2(O,OH,F)7 cub., Fd-3m FOTOA
Fluornatromicrolite (Na,Ca,Bi)2(Ta,Nb)2O6F cub., Fd-3m FOTOIMA 1998-018
Bariomicrolite (Ba,□)2(Ta,Nb)2(O,OH)7 cub., Fd-3m A
Stannomicrolite (Sn,Fe,Mn,□)2(Ta,Nb,Sn)2(O,OH,F)7 cub., Fd-3m Rn
Plumbomicrolite (Pb,Na,Ca,□)2(Ta,Nb)2(O,OH)7 cub., Fd-3m FOTOA
Stibiomicrolite (Sb,Ca,Na)2(Ta,Nb)2(O,OH,F)7 cub., Fd-3m IMA 1985-035
Bismutomicrolite (Bi,Ca,□)2(Ta,Nb)2(O,OH)7 cub., Fd-3m FOTOA
Uranmicrolite (U,Ca,Ce,□)2(Ta,Nb)2(O,OH,F)7 cub., Fd-3m Rn
Betafite (Ca,U)2(Ti,Nb,Ta)2(O,OH)7 cub., Fd-3m FOTORd
Calciobetafite (Ca,Na)2(Nb,Ti)2(O,OH)7 cub., Fd-3m IMA 1982-064
Yttrobetafite-(Y) (Y,U,Ce,□)2(Ti,Nb,Ta)2(O,OH)7 metamict (tetr.) A
Plumbobetafite (Pb,U,Ca,□)2(Ti,Nb)2(O,OH,F)7 cub., Fd-3m A
Stibiobobetafite (Ca,Sb,□)2(Ti,Nb,Ta)2(O,OH)7 cub., Fd-3m IMA 1978-052
Cesstibtantite Cs0.31(Sb,Na)0.91(Ta,Nb)2(O,OH,F)6.69 cub., Fd-3m IMA 1980-021
Ferritungstite (W,Fe)2(O,OH)6 · n (H2O,K,Ca,Na) cub., Fd-3m FOTOA
Alumotungstite (H2O,Ca)x(W,Al)2(O,OH)6 · n H2O cub. IMA 1968-004
Elsmoreite WO3 · 0.5 H2O cub., Fd-3m IMA 2003-059
Jixianite (Pb,□)2(W,Fe)2(O,OH)7 cub., Fd-3m IMA 1984-062
Natrobistantite (Na,Cs)Bi(Ta,Nb,Sb)4(O,OH)12 cub., Fd-3m IMA 1982-016

 
4.DH.20. Stibiconite group
 
Stibiconite Sb3+Sb5+2O6(OH) cub., Fd-3m G
Roméite (Ca,Fe,Mn,Na)2(Sb,Ti)2O6(O,OH,F) cub., Fd-3m FOTOG
Hydroroméite (Ca,Mn)(Sb,W,As)2O6 · 4.2 H2O Q
Bindheimite Pb2Sb2O6(O,OH) cub., Fd-3m FOTOG
Monimolite Pb3Sb2O7 cub. Q
Partzite Cu2Sb2(O,OH)7 (?) cub. G
Bismutostibiconite (Bi,Fe,□)2Sb2O7 cub., Fd-3m IMA 1981-065
Stetefeldite Ag2Sb2(O,OH)7 (?) cub. Q

 
4.DH.25. Rosiaite group
 
Rosiaite PbSb2O6 trig., P-31m FOTOIMA 1995-021

 
4.DH.30. Zirconolite group
 
Zirconolite    (-2M) (Ca,Y)Zr(Ti,Mg,Al)2O7 mon., C2/c Rd
     Zirconolite-3O (Ca,Fe,Y)2Fe(Ti,Nb)3Zr2O14 orth., Acam FOTOPoly
     Zirconolite-3T CaZrTi2O7 trig., P3121 Poly

 
4.DH.35. Petscheckite group
 
Petscheckite UFe(Nb,Ta)2O8 trig., P-31m IMA 1975-038
Liandratit U(Nb,Ta)2O8 trig., P-31m IMA 1975-039

 
4.DH.40. Ingersonite group
 
Ingersonite Ca3MnSb4O14 trig. IMA 1986-021

 
4.DH.45. Pittongite group
 
Pittongite (Na,H2O)0.7(W,Fe)(O,OH)3 hex., P-6ms IMA 2005-034





 
4.DJ. With large (+/- medium-sized) cations: polyhedral frameworks
 
4.DJ.05. Natrotantite group
 
Natrotantite Na2Ta4O11 trig., R-3c IMA 1980-026
Irtyshite Na2(Ta,Nb)4O11 hex., P63/m or P63 IMA 1984-025
Calciotantite CaTa4O11 hex., P6322 IMA 1981-039





 
4.DK. With large (+/- medium-sized) cations: tunnel structures
 
4.DK.05. Hollandite group
 
Hollandite (Ba,K,Ca)(Mn,Ti,Fe)8O16 mon., I2/m FOTOG
Coronadite Pb(Mn4+,Mn2+)8O16 mon., I2/m FOTOG
Manjiroite Na(Mn4+,Mn2+)8O16 · n H2O tetr., I4/m FOTOIMA 1966-009
Priderite (K,Ba)(Ti,Fe,Mg)8(O,OH)16 tetr., I4/m G
Redledgeite BaxTi8-2xCr2xO16 tetr., I4/m FOTOA
Mannardite BaxTi8-2xV2xO16 · 2-x H2O tetr., I41/a IMA 1983-013
Ankangite Ba(Ti,V,Cr)8O16 tetr. IMA 1986-026
Henrymeyrite BaTi7FeO16 tetr., I4/m FOTOIMA 1999-016
Akaganéite Fe8(OH,O)16Cl1.25 · n H2O mon., I2/m FOTOIMA 1962-004

 
4.DK.10. Cryptomelane group
 
Todorokite (Na,Ca,K)1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)6O12 · 3-4 H2O mon., P2/m A
Cryptomelane    (-1M) KMn8O16 mon., I2/m FOTOA
     Cryptomelane-1Q KMn8O16 tetr., I4/m Poly
Strontiomelane (Sr,Ba,K)Mn8O16 mon., P21/m IMA 1995-005
Romanèchite (Ba,H2O)2Mn5O10 mon., C2/m FOTOA





 
4.DL. With large (+/- medium-sized) cations: fluorite type structures
 
4.DL.05. Uraninite group
 
Uraninite UO2 cub., Fm-3m FOTO ENTDECKUNGG
Thorianite ThO2 cub., Fm-3m FOTOG
Cerianite-(Ce) CeO2 cub., Fm-3m FOTO A
Zirkelite (Ti,Ca,Zr)O2-x cub., Fm-3m Rd
IMA 2009-032 * CaUO4 cub., Fm-3m IMA 2009-032

 
4.DL.10. Calzirtite group
 
Calzirtite    (-1Q) Ca2Zr5Ti2O16 tetr., I41/acd A
     Calzirtite-1O Ca2Zr5Ti2O16 orth., Pbca Poly
Hiärneite (Ca,Mn,Na)2(Zr,Mn)5(Sb,Tl,Fe)2O16 tetr., I41/acd IMA 1996-040
Tazheranite (Zr,Ti,Ca)(O,□)2 cub., Fm-3m FOTOIMA 1969-008





 
4.DM. With large (+/- medium-sized) cations: unclassified
 
4.DM.05. Rankamaite group
 
Rankamaite (Na,K,Pb)(Ta,Nb,Al)4(O,OH)10 orth. FOTOIMA 1968-002
Sosedkoite K5Al2Ta22O60 orth. IMA 1981-014

 
4.DM.10. Group removed
 

 
4.DM.15. Cesplumtantite group
 
Cesplumtantite (Cs,Na)2(Pb,Sb)3Ta8O24 tetr. IMA 1985-040

 
4.DM.20. Eyselite group
 
Eyselite Fe3+Ge4+3O7(OH) orth., P... IMA 2003-052

 
4.DM.25. Kuranakhite group
 
Kuranakhite PbMn4+Te6+O6 orth. FOTOIMA 1974-030








* new, not in Nickel & Nichols (2009), preliminary grouping

in bold: grandfathered, IMA accepted, renamed and redefined (with IMA approval) minerals,
in normal letters: minerals published without IMA approval, questionable minerals, polytypes

G = Grandfathered minerals: original description preceded the establishment of the CNMNC in 1959, and generally regarded as a valid species
A or IMA No. = Minerals approved by the CNMNC
Rd = Redefinition of the mineral approved by the CNMNC
Rn = Renamed with approval by the CNMNC
GROUP = a name used to designate a group of species
N = Mineral published without approval of the CNMNC
Q = Questionable mineral
H = Hypothetical mineral (synthetic, anthropogenic, etc.)
D = Discredited by the CNMNC
Poly = Polytype



© Thomas Witzke / Stollentroll (2007 - 2010)


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