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MINERAL CLASSIFICATION / SYSTEMATIK der MINERALE
based on E.H. Nickel & M.C. Nichols (2009), H. Strunz & E.H. Nickel (2001),
revised by Thomas Witzke (2022)
2. SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS
(Sulfides, Selenides, Tellurides, Arsenides, Antimonides, Bismuthides, Sulfarsenites, Sulfantimonites, Sulfbismuthites, etc.)
2.L: Sulfosalts with an excess of small (univalent) cations (Ag, Cu) relative to (As, Sb, Bi);
unclassified sulfosalts and possible sulfosalts
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2.LA. Cu(Ag)-rich sulfosalts |
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2.LA.005. Wittichenite group |
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Skinnerite | |
Cu3SbS3 | |
mon., P21/c | |
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IMA 1973-075 |
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Wittichenite | |
Cu3BiS3 | |
orth., P212121 | |
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G |
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Bytízite | |
Cu3SbSe3 | |
orth., Pnma | |
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IMA 2016-044 |
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2.LA.010. Eldragónite |
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Eldragónite | |
Cu6BiSe4(Se2) | |
orth., Pmcn | |
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IMA 2010-077 |
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Structure of Eldragónite: Mixed selenide-diselenide sulfosalt, with alternating thick slabs Cu6Bi2Se6
similar to that in Wittichenite, and thin slabs Cu6Se6 derived from the CaF2
archetype (Paar et al., 2012).
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2.LA.015. Tennantite group |
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Tennantite-(Mn) | |
Cu6Cu4Mn2As4S12S | |
cub., I43m | |
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IMA 2022-040 |
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Tennantite-(Fe) | |
Cu6Cu4Fe2As4S12S | |
cub., I43m | |
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G, Rn |
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Tennantite-(Ni) | |
Cu6Cu4Ni2As4S12S | |
cub., I43m | |
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IMA 2021-018 |
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Tennantite-(Cu) | |
Cu6Cu4Cu2As4S12S | |
cub., I43m | |
FOTO | |
IMA 2020-096 |
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Tennantite-(Zn) | |
Cu6Cu4Zn2As4S12S | |
cub., I43m | |
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IMA 18-K |
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Tennantite-(Cd) | |
Cu6Cu4Cd2As4S12S | |
cub., I43m | |
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IMA 2021-083 |
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Tennantite-(Cd) | |
Cu6Cu5InAs4S12S | |
cub., I43m | |
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IMA 2023-011 |
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Tennantite-(Hg) | |
Cu6Cu4Hg2As4S12S | |
cub., I43m | |
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IMA 2020-063 |
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Tetrahedrite-(Mn) | |
Cu6Cu4Mn2Sb4S12S | |
cub., I43m | |
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IMA 2021-098 |
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Tetrahedrite-(Fe) | |
Cu6Cu4Fe2Sb4S12S | |
cub., I43m | |
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G, Rn |
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Tetrahedrite-(Ni) | |
Cu6Cu4Ni2Sb4S12S | |
cub., I43m | |
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IMA 2021-031 |
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Tetrahedrite-(Cu) | |
Cu6Cu4Cu2Sb4S12S | |
cub., I43m | |
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IMA 2022-078 |
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Tetrahedrite-(Zn) | |
Cu6Cu4Zn2Sb4S12S | |
cub., I43m | |
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IMA 18-K |
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Tetrahedrite-(Cd) | |
Cu6Cu4Cd2Sb4S12S | |
cub., I43m | |
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IMA 2022-115 |
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Tetrahedrite-(Hg) | |
Cu6Cu4Hg2Sb4S12S | |
cub., I43m | |
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IMA 2019-003 |
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Argentotennantite-(Fe) | |
Ag6Cu4Fe2As4S12S | |
cub., I43m | |
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IMA 1985-026, Rn |
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Argentotetrahedrite-(Fe) | |
Ag6Cu4Fe2Sb4S12S | |
cub., I43m | |
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IMA 2016-093, Rn |
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Argentotetrahedrite-(Zn) | |
Ag6Cu4Zn2Sb4S12S | |
cub., I43m | |
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IMA 2020-069 |
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Argentotetrahedrite-(Cd) | |
Ag6Cu4Cd2Sb4S12S | |
cub., I43m | |
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IMA 2022-053 |
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Argentotetrahedrite-(Hg) | |
Ag6Cu4Hg2Sb4S12S | |
cub., I43m | |
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IMA 2020-079 |
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Kenoargentotennantite-(Fe) | |
Ag6Cu4Fe2As4S12□ | |
cub., I43m | |
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IMA 2020-062 |
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Kenoargentotetrahedrite-(Fe) | |
Ag6Cu4Fe2Sb4S12□ | |
cub., I43m | |
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G, Rd, Rn |
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Kenoargentotetrahedrite-(Zn) | |
Ag6Cu4Zn2Sb4S12□ | |
cub., I43m | |
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IMA 2020-075 |
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Zvěstovite-(Fe) | |
Ag6Ag4Fe2As4S12S | |
cub., I43m | |
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IMA 2022-092 |
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Zvěstovite-(Zn) | |
Ag6Ag4Zn2As4S12S | |
cub., I43m | |
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IMA 2020-061 |
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Rozhdestvenskayaite-(Zn) | |
Ag6Ag4Zn2Sb4S12S | |
cub., I43m | |
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IMA 2016-094 |
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Kenorozhdestvenskayaite-(Fe) | |
Ag6Ag4Fe2Sb4S12□ | |
cub., I43m | |
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IMA 2022-001 |
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Giraudite-(Zn) | |
Cu6Cu4Zn2As4Se13 | |
cub., I43m | |
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IMA 1980-089 |
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Hakite-(Fe) | |
Cu6Cu4Fe2Sb4Se13 | |
cub., I43m | |
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IMA 2022-082 |
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Hakite-(Zn) | |
Cu6Cu4Zn2Sb4Se13 | |
cub., I43m | |
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IMA 2022-083 |
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Hakite-(Cd) | |
Cu6Cu4Cd2Sb4Se13 | |
cub., I43m | |
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IMA 2022-090 |
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Hakite-(Hg) | |
Cu6Cu4Hg2Sb4Se13 | |
cub., I43m | |
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IMA 1970-019, Rn |
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Pošepnýite | |
(Cu3□3)(Hg4Cu2)Sb4(Se12.5□0.5) | |
cub., I43m | |
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IMA 2018-121a |
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Arsenogoldfieldite | |
Cu6Cu6(As2Te2)S13 | |
cub., I43m | |
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IMA 2022-084 |
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Stibiogoldfieldite | |
Cu6Cu6(Sb2Te2)S13 | |
cub., I43m | |
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IMA 2020-104 |
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Goldfieldite | |
(Cu4□2)Cu6Te4S13 | |
cub., I43m | |
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Rd |
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Arsenoústalečite | |
Cu6Cu6(As2Te2)Se13 | |
cub., I43m | |
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IMA 2022-116 |
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Stibioústalečite | |
Cu6Cu6(Sb2Te2)Se13 | |
cub., I43m | |
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IMA 2021-071 |
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Kenoargentotetrahedrite-(Fe) was originally described as Freibergite, renamed.
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2.LA.020. Galkhaite group |
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Galkhaite | |
(Cs,Tl,□)(Hg,Cu,Zn)6(As,Sb)4S12 | |
cub., I43m | |
FOTO | |
IMA 1971-029 |
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Vorontsovite | |
(Hg5Cu)TlAs4S12 | |
cub., I43m | |
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IMA 2016-076 |
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Ferrovorontsovite | |
(Fe5Cu)TlAs4S12 | |
cub., I43m | |
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IMA 2017-007 |
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2.LA.025. Nowackiite group |
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Zhengminghuaite | |
Cu6Fe3As4S12 | |
trig., R3 | |
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IMA 2022-047 |
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Nowackiite | |
Cu6Zn3As4S12 | |
trig., R3 | |
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A |
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Aktashite | |
Cu6Hg3As4S12 | |
trig., R3 | |
FOTO | |
Rd |
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Gruzdevite | |
Cu6Hg3Sb4S12 | |
trig., R3 | |
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IMA 1980-053 |
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2.LA.030. Sinnerite |
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Sinnerite | |
Cu6As4S9 | |
tric., P1 | |
FOTO | |
IMA 1964-020 |
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2.LA.035. Watanabeite |
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Watanabeite | |
Cu4As2S5 | |
orth. | |
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IMA 1991-025 |
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2.LA.040. Laffittite |
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Laffittite | |
AgHgAsS3 | |
mon., Aa | |
FOTO | |
IMA 1973-031 |
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2.LA.045. Stalderite group |
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Stalderite | |
TlCuZn2As2S6 | |
tetr., I42m | |
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IMA 1987-024 |
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Ferrostalderite | |
TlCuFe2As2S6 | |
tetr., I42m | |
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IMA 2014-090 |
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Routhierite | |
TlCuHg2As2S6 | |
tetr., I4/mmm | |
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IMA 1973-030 |
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Ralphcannonite | |
TlAgZn2As2S6 | |
tetr., 42m | |
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IMA 2014-077 |
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Arsiccioite | |
TlAgHg2(As,Sb)2S6 | |
tetr., 42m | |
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IMA 2013-058 |
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2.LA.050. Miharaite |
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Miharaite | |
Cu4FePbBiS6 | |
orth., Pb21m | |
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IMA 1976-012 |
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2.LA.055. Petrovicite group |
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Petrovicite | |
Cu3PbHgBiSe5 | |
orth., Pnam | |
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IMA 1975-010 |
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Mazzettiite | |
Ag3PbHgSbTe5 | |
orth., Pnam | |
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IMA 2004-003 |
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2.LA.060. Quijarroite |
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Quijarroite | |
Cu6HgPb2Bi4Se12 | |
orth., Pmn21 | |
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IMA 2016-052 |
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2.LB. Ag-rich sulfosalts |
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2.LB.005. Samsonite |
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Samsonite | |
MnAg4Sb2S6 | |
mon., P21/n | |
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G |
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2.LB.010. Proustite group |
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Proustite | |
Ag3AsS3 | |
trig., R3c | |
FOTO | |
G |
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Pyrargyrite | |
Ag3SbS3 | |
trig., R3c | |
FOTO | |
G |
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2.LB.015. Ellisite |
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Ellisite | |
Tl3AsS3 | |
trig., R3m | |
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IMA 1977-041 |
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2.LB.020. Xanthoconite group |
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Xanthoconite | |
Ag3AsS3 | |
mon., C2/c | |
FOTO | |
G |
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Pyrostilpnite | |
Ag3SbS3 | |
mon., P21/c | |
FOTO | |
G |
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Eckerite | |
Ag2CuAsS3 | |
mon., C2/c | |
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IMA 2014-063 |
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2.LB.025. Pyradoketosite |
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Pyradoketosite | |
Ag3SbS3 | |
mon., P21/n | |
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IMA 2019-132 |
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2.LB.030. Polybasite group |
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Cupropearceite | |
[Ag9CuS4][Cu6As2S7] | |
trig. | |
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IMA 2007-046 |
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Cupropolybasite | |
[Ag9CuS4][Cu6Sb2S7] | |
trig. | |
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IMA 2007-046 |
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Pearceite | |
[Ag9CuS4][(Ag,Cu)6(As,Sb)2S7] | |
trig., P3m1 | |
FOTO | |
Rd |
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Polybasite | |
[Ag9CuS4][(Ag,Cu)6(Sb,As)2S7] | |
trig., P3m1 | |
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Rd |
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Argentopearceite | |
[Ag9AgS4][Ag6As2S7] | |
trig., P321 | |
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IMA 2020-049 |
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Argentopolybasite | |
[Ag9AgS4][Ag6Sb2S7] | |
trig., P321 | |
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IMA 2021-119 |
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Selenopolybasite | |
[Ag9Cu(S,Se)2Se2][(Ag,Cu)6(Sb,As)2(S,Se)7] | |
trig. | |
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IMA 2007-046 |
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"Arsenpolybasite" and "Antimonpearceite" were discredited in 2006, new defined as polytypes of pearceite or polybasite.
Pearceite polytypes: Pearceite-Tac (trig., P3m1), Pearceite-T2ac (trig.), Pearceite-M2a2b2c
(mon.).
Polybasite polytypes: Polybasite-Tac (trig.), Polybasite-T2ac (trig., P321), Polybasite-M2a2b2c
(mon., C2/c).
Cupropearceite and Cupropolybasite are known as -Tac polytypes.
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2.LB.035. Stephanite group |
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Stephanite | |
Ag5SbS4 | |
orth., Cmc21 | |
FOTO | |
G |
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Selenostephanite | |
Ag5Sb(Se,S)4 | |
orth., Cmc21 | |
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IMA 1982-028 |
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2.LB.040. Fettelite |
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Fettelite | |
[Ag6As2S7][Ag10HgAs2S8] | |
mon., C2 | |
FOTO | |
IMA 1994-056 |
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Ferrofettelite | |
[Ag6As2S7][Ag10FeAs2S8] | |
mon., C2 | |
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IMA 2021-094 |
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2.LB.045. Benleonardite |
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Benleonardite | |
Ag8(Sb,As)Te2S3 | |
tetr. | |
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IMA 1985-043 |
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2.LB.050. Tsnigriite |
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Tsnigriite | |
Ag9Te3SbS3 | |
mon., P2/m or Pm | |
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IMA 1991-051 |
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2.LB.055. Dervillite group |
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Dervillite | |
Ag2AsS2 | |
mon., P2/a | |
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Rd |
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Biagioniite | |
Tl2SbS2 | |
mon., Pc | |
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IMA 2019-120 |
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2.LB.060. Debattistiite |
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Debattistiite | |
Ag9Hg0.5As6S12Te2 | |
tric., P1 | |
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IMA 2011-098 |
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2.LC. Unclassified sulfosalts and possible sulfosalts with sulfur deficiency |
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2.LC.005. Tvalchrelidzeite |
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Tvalchrelidzeite | |
Hg3SbAsS3 | |
tric., P1 | |
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IMA 1974-052 |
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2.LC.010. Criddleite |
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Criddleite | |
TlAg2Au3Sb10S10 | |
mon. | |
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IMA 1987-037 |
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Thunderbayit | |
TlAg3Au3Sb7S6 | |
tric., P1 | |
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IMA 2020-042 |
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2.LC.015. Chaméanite |
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Chaméanite | |
(Cu,Fe)4AsSe4 | |
cub. | |
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IMA 1980-088 |
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2.LC.020. Mgriite |
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Mgriite | |
(Cu,Fe)3AsSe3 | |
cub., Fd3m | |
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IMA 1980-100 |
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Mgriite has possibly diamond derivative structure and is possibly identical with chaméanite. Chaméanite would have priority.
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2.LC.025. Larosite |
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Larosite | |
(Cu,Ag)21(Pb,Bi)2S13 | |
orth., Immm | |
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IMA 1971-014 |
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2.LC.030. Arcubisite |
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Arcubisite | |
CuAg6(Bi,Pb)S4 | |
? | |
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IMA 1973-009 |
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2.LC.035. Jonassonite |
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Jonassonite | |
AuBi5S4 | |
mon., F2/m, F2 or Fm | |
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IMA 2004-031 |
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2.LC.040. Borovskite |
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Borovskite | |
Pd3SbTe4 | |
cub. | |
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IMA 1972-032 |
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G = Grandfathered minerals: original description preceded the establishment of the CNMNC in 1959, and
generally regarded as a valid species
A or IMA No. = Minerals approved by the CNMNC
Rd = Redefinition of the mineral approved by the CNMNC
Rn = Renamed with approval by the CNMNC
Q = Questionable mineral
Classification principles:
Subdivision of the Sulfides etc. subclass 2.L: Sulfosalts with an excess of small (univalent)
cations (Ag, Cu) relative to (As, Sb, Bi); unclassified sulfosalts and possible sulfosalts
different from Strunz 9, adapted from the sulfosalt systematics in Moëlo et al.
(2008) and modified, new: 2.LA Cu(Ag)-rich sulfosalts; 2.LB Ag-rich sulfosalts; 2.LC
Unclassified sulfosalts and possible sulfosalts with sulfur deficiency.
Further classification:
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2.LA.: Cu(Ag)-rich sulfosalts:
Order according to Moëlo et al. (2008), modified and adapted to the Strunz 9 classification scheme.
2.LB.: Ag-rich sulfosalts:
Order according to Moëlo et al. (2008), modified and adapted to the Strunz 9 classification scheme
2.LC.: Unclassified sulfosalts and possible sulfosalts with sulfur deficiency: ...
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Based on
Moëlo, Y. et al. (2008): Sulfosalt systematics: a review. Report of the sulfosalt sub-committee
of the IMA Commission on Ore Mineralogy.- Eur. J. Mineral. 20, 7-46.
To distinguish from classical Strunz numbering, on hierarchical "group" level, a numbering with 3 digits is used,
like "2.LA.005. Wittichenite group", instead of 2 digits (like "2.LA.05.") in the Strunz system.
© Thomas Witzke (2023)
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